Cone and seed insects of subalpine fir during a year of low cone production in northern Idaho
Keywords:
subalpine fir, <i>Abies lasiocarpa</i>, coneworm, <i>Dioryctria abietivorella</i>, midge, <i>Dasineura</i>, Diptera, <i>Hylemya abietis</i>, <i>Earoymia</i>, <i>Asynapta keeni</i>, Chalcidae, <i>Megastigmus lasiocarpae</i>Abstract
Cone and seed insects destroyed 29 percent of the seed crop of subalpine fir (<i>Abies lasiocarpa</i>) in the Freezeout Mountain area of northern Idaho in 1972 during a year of low cone production. Larvae of a coneworm, <i>Dioryctria abietivorella</i> destroyed 12 percent of the seed crop, accounting for 42 percent of the total insect damage. A newly discovered midge pest, a species of <i>Dasineura</i>, destroyed 11 percent of the seed crop, amounting to 40 percent of the total insect damage. The dipterans, <i>Hylemya abietis</i>, <i>Earoymia</i> sp., and <i>Asynapta keeni</i>, and the chalcid wasp, <i>Megastigmus lasiocarpae</i>, together destroyed 4 percent of the seed crop. Unknown causes accounted for 1.5 percent of the total seed destruction. X-ray was used to estimate seed lost to <i>M. lasiocarpae</i> and <i>Dasineura</i> sp. Regression equations are given relating cone length (mm), and the seeds on the axial surface, to total seeds. Sound and damaged seeds on the axial surface were highly correlated with the totals of sound and damaged seeds, respectively, in the cone.References
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