Natural enemies of budworms, <i>Choristoneura</i> spp. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), on Douglas-fir near Yale, British Columbia, in 1977
Keywords:
budworm, <i>Choristoneura</i> spp., Lepidoptera, Tortricidae, Douglas-firAbstract
Two species of <i>Choristoneura</i> were reared from an infestation on Douglas fir in the Yale-Spuzzum area in 1977: <i>occidentalis</i> Free, and an apparently undescribed species. Larvae with parasites averaged 47.6 percent and increased from 14.5 percent in larvae collected early in May to 74 percent in those collected early in July. Pupae with parasitism were 52 percent. Three well-known species of budworm parasites comprised 85 percent of the parasites reared. Eight other species of Lepidoptera were reared from the Douglas fir. One of these, <i>Dioryctria pseudotsugella</i> Munroe, becomes a predator on budworm prepupae and pupae when all the foodplant foliage has been consumed by budworms.
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