Pre-overwintering mortality in the larch casebearer, <i>Coleophora laricella</i> (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae), on western larch in Northern Idaho.
Keywords:
larch casebearer, <i>Coleophora laricella</i>, Lepidoptera, Coleophoridae, western larchAbstract
During 1976, continuous sampling of the same population cohort showed a 68% mortality in the pre-wintering larch casebearer, <i>Coleophora laricella</i>, in northern Idaho. The major mortality factors were density-independent; these were: premature needle drop caused by the needle diseases <i>Meria laricis</i> and <i>Hypodermella laricis</i> (18%); non-viable eggs (10%); and dislodgment of the eggs from the branch (10%). Other factors were: predation, desiccation, ripening and fall of the needles, intraspecific competition, loss of larvae moving between needles, and larch-willow rust.References
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