Damage by two Douglas-fir cone & seed insects: Correlation with cone crop size

Authors

  • G. E. Miller Pacific Forest Research Centre Canadian Forestry Service Agriculture Canada Victoria B.C.
  • A. F. Hedlin Pacific Forest Research Centre Canadian Forestry Service Agriculture Canada Victoria B.C.
  • D. S. Ruth Pacific Forest Research Centre Canadian Forestry Service Agriculture Canada Victoria B.C.

Keywords:

Douglas-fir cone moth, <i>Barbara colfaxiana</i>, Douglas-fir cone gall midge, <i>Contarinia oregonensis</i>

Abstract

Damage by the Douglas-fir cone moth, <i>Barbara colfaxiana</i> (Kearfott), in year N was significantly related to the size of the cone crop the preceding vear (N-1) in the interior of British Columbia but not at the coast. Damage by the Douglas-fir cone gall midge, <i>Contarinia oregonensis</i> Foote, at the coast was also significantly related to cone crop size the preceding year. Fluctuations in cone crop size appear to limit populations of these cone insects.

References

Annila, E. 1981. Kausen kapy-ja siementuholaisten kannanvaihtelu. Commun. Inst. For. Fenn. 101. 32 pp.

Annila, E. 1982. Diapause and population fluctuations in Megastigmus specularis Wallev and Megastigmus spermotrophus Wachtl (Hymenoptera, Torymidae). Ann. Ent. Fenn. 48:33-36.

Dobbs, R.C., D.G.W. Edwards, J. Konishi/ and D. Wallinger. 1976. Guideline to collecting cones of B.C. conifers. B.C. For. Serv./Can. For. Serv. Victoria, B.C. Joint Rep. No. 3. 98 pp.

Forcella, F. 1978. Irregularity of pinyon cone production and its relation to pinvon cone moth predation. Madrono 25:170-172.

Forcella, F. 1980. Cone predation of pinyon cone beetle (Conopthorus edulis) production. Am. Nat. 116:594-598.

Hedlin, A.F. 1960. On the life history of the Douglas-fir cone moth, Barbara colfaxiana (Kft.) (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae), and one of its parasites, Glypta evetriae Cush. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Can. Ent. 92:826-834.

Hedlin, A.F. 1961. The life history and habits of a midge, Contarinia oregonensis Foote (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Douglas-fir cones. Can. Ent. 93:952-967.

Hedlin, A.F. 1964. Results of a six-year plot study on Douglas-fir cone insect population fluctuations. For. Sci. 10:124-128.

Hedlin, A.F., H.O. Yates III, D. Cibrian, B.H. Ebel, T.W. Koerber, and E.P. Merkel. 1980. Cone and seed insects of North American conifers. Can. For. Serv., Victoria, BC./U.S.D.A. For Serv./Secret. Agric. Recur. Hidraul., Mexico. 122 pp.

Hedlin, A.F., G.E. Miller, and D.S. Ruth. 1982. Induction of prolonged diapause in Barbara colfaxiana (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae): correlations with cone crops and weather. Can. Ent. 114:465-471.

Hussey, N.W. 1956. The extend of seed-loss in Douglas-fir caused by Megastigmus. Scot. For. 10:191-197.

Jansen, D.H. 1971. Seed predation by animals. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Systemat. 2:465-492.

Johnson, N.E. and H.J. Heikkenen. 1958. Damage to seed of Douglas-fir by the Douglas-fir cone midge. For. Sci. 4:274-282.

Lester, D.T. 1967. Variation in cone production of red pine in relation to weather. Can. J. Bot. 45:1683-1691.

Mattson, W.J., Jr. 1971. Relationship between cone crop size and cone damage by insects in red pine seed production-areas. Can. Ent. 103:617-621.

Mattson, W.J., Jr. 1980. Cone resources and the ecology of the red pine cone beetle. Conopthorus resinosae (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). Ann. Ent. Soc. Am. 73:390-396.

Sahota, T.S., D.S. Ruth, A. Ibaraki, S.H. Farris, and F.G. Peet. 1982. Diapause in the pharate adult stage of insect development. Can. Ent. 114:1179-1183.

Sokal, R.R. and F.J. Rohlf. 1969. Biometry. W.H. Freeman & Co., San Francisco. 776 pp.

Winjum, J.K. and N.E. Johnson. 1960. A modified-knife cone cutter for Douglas-fir seed studies. J. For. 58:487-488.

Downloads

Published

2019-09-17