Antennal detection of sex pheromone by female <i>Pandemis limitata</i> (Robinson) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and its impact on their calling behaviour
Keywords:
(Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate, (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate, female electroantennography, flight tunnel, mating disruption, threelined leafroller, sprayable pheromone, microencapsulated pheromone, movementAbstract
Previous observations lead us to believe that female Pandemis limitata (Robinson) (0 to 24 h old) are as attractive as their pheromone gland extract to males in clean air, but are more attractive in an environment permeated with their major pheromone component(Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate. Therefore, in this study, we tested the hypothesis that females can detect and/or respond to their pheromone components. Using electroantennographic detection, we found female P. limitata able to perceive both of their known pheromone components, (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate and (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate. Female antennal response was found to be 46.3% weaker than that of males, under identical conditions, with male antennae producing significantly higher deflections to the higher pheromone doses tested and to the plant volatile,(E)-2-hexanal. Observations of females in clean air versus (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate-permeated air showed no significant differences with respect to onset time, frequency or duration of calling. Females moved significantly less often in a (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate-permeated portion of a flight tunnel than in the corresponding clean-air portion.References
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