Qualitative analyses of larval oral exudate from eastern and western spruce budworms (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
Abstract
A two-choice feeding bioassay was used to investigate the effects of dilution, centrifugation, storage and autoclaving on the repellency of the oral exudate of eastern and western spruce budworms, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) and C. occidentalis Free., to their respective conspecifics. The exudate from insects reared on either artificial diet or foliage was active at a volume equal to the amount emitted by one larva when disturbed with a pipet in the laboratory, but repellency was lost at lower doses. Centrifugation did not partition the exudate into active and inactive fractions. Exudate from both diet- and foliage-reared insects was active for at least 48 h at room temperature. However, after being frozen for one month, exudate from diet-reared insects was still active, while that from foliage-reared insects was not.
Key words: Choristoneura fumiferana; Choristoneura occidentalis; spruce budworm; oral exudate; regurgitant; epideictic pheromone
Downloads
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with the Journal of the Entomological Society of British Columbia agree to the following terms:
-Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
-Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
-Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).