Use of Ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate in Codling Moth Management: Stimulation of Oviposition
Keywords:
Cydia pomonella, oviposition, kairomone, phenology, egg trapAbstract
The effect of the pear volatile, ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate (Et-E,Z-DD), on oviposition by codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), was evaluated in a series of choice and nochoice laboratory experiments and in subsequent field tests conducted in apple and walnut. Gray halobutyl elastomer septa loaded with 1.0 and 100.0 μg Et-E,Z-DD significantly increased the numbers of eggs laid by a laboratory population in 96 h no-choice assays by 2-fold. In addition, the number of eggs laid near the Et-E,Z-DD versus a solvent blank dispenser was significantly higher in choice bioassays across a similar range of septa loadings. Oviposition rates by a field-collected post-diapause strain of codling moth were significantly increased by the addition of a 1.0-μg septa versus a solvent blank dispenser in a no-choice bioassay. Field trials were conducted in apple and walnut to develop an artificial egg trap baited with Et-E,Z-DD to monitor codling moth oviposition. Septa loaded with 0.1 to 10.0 mg did not significantly increase oviposition versus solvent blank dispensers on a Mylar plastic collar trap or on the adjacent leaves and fruit in apple. Significantly more eggs were laid on the fruit and foliage than on the plastic collar. No eggs were deposited on non-bearing apple shoots baited with 0.1 – 40.0 mg Et-E,Z-DD septa. Similarly, no eggs were deposited on cylindrical wax paper-covered plastic traps baited with 10.0 μg to 1.0 mg Et-E,Z-DD septa in walnut orchards. The potential of Et-E,Z-DD to monitor codling moth’s oviposition in the field, stimulate oviposition by field-collected strains under laboratory conditions, and to improve pest control by disrupting host location are discussed.References
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